For each of the level(s) of the spinal-injured vertebra(e) whether there was evidence of either a disc or a posterior ligamentous complex injury (occiput to sacrum). Posterior ligamentous complex injury is defined as the presence of acute disruption or injury to the posterior ligamentous complex through the spinal column from the occiput to the level of the sacrum. Disc Injury is defined as a traumatic disruption of the annulus of the disc through either distraction, translation, or rotation. It will also include a traumatic disc protrusion causing a spinal cord injury. Isolated traumatic disc injuries commonly occur with hyper-extension mechanisms in the cervical spine.
For each of the level(s) of the spinal-injured vertebra(e) whether there was evidence of either a disc or a posterior ligamentous complex injury (occiput to sacrum). Posterior ligamentous complex injury is defined as the presence of acute disruption or injury to the posterior ligamentous complex through the spinal column from the occiput to the level of the sacrum. Disc Injury is defined as a traumatic disruption of the annulus of the disc through either distraction, translation, or rotation. It will also include a traumatic disc protrusion causing a spinal cord injury. Isolated traumatic disc injuries commonly occur with hyper-extension mechanisms in the cervical spine.
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Boyd,M., Dvorak,M.F., & Fisher,C. Injury of the posterior ligamentous complex of the thoracolumbar spine: a prospective evaluation of the diagnostic accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging. Spine. 34, E841-E847 (2009). Dvorak MF, Wing PC, Fehlings MG, Vaccaro AR, Itshayek E, Biering-Sorensen F, Noonan VK. International Spinal Cord Injury Spinal Column Injury Basic Data Set. Spinal Cord. 2012 Jun 5. [Epub ahead of print] Dvorak,M.F., Fisher,C.G., Fehlings,M.G., Rampersaud,Y.R., Oner,F.C., & Aarabi B., Vaccaro,A.R. The surgical approach to subaxial cervical spine injuries: an evidence-based algorithm based on the SLIC classification system. Spine. 32, 2620-2629 (2007). Lee,J.Y., Vaccaro,A.R., Schweitzer,K.M. Jr., Lim,M.R., Baron,E.M., Rampersaud,R., Oner,F.C., Hulbert,R.J., Hedlund,R., Fehlings,M.G., Arnold,P., Harrop,J., Bono,C.M., Anderson,P.A., Patel,A., Anderson,D.G., & Harris,M.B. Assessment of injury to the thoracolumbar posterior ligamentous complex in the setting of normal-appearing plain radiography. Spine J. 7, 422-427 (2007). Patel,A.A. Dailey,A., Brodke,D.S., Daubs,M., Anderson,P.A., Hurlbert,R.J., & Vacccaro,A.R. Subaxial cervical spine trauma classification: the Subaxial Injury Classification system and case examples. Neurosurg. Focus. 25, E8 (2008). Rihn,J.A., Fisher,C., Harrop,J., Morrison,W., Yang,N., & Vaccaro,A.R. Assessment of the posterior ligamentous complex following acute cervical spine trauma. J. Bone Joint Surg. Am. 92, 583-589 (2010). Vaccaro,A.R., Rihn,J.A., Saravanja,D., Anderson,D.G., Hilibrand,A.S., Albert,T.J., Fehlings,M.G., Morrison,W., Flanders,A.E., France,J.C., Arnold,P., Anderson,P.A., Friel,B., Malfair,D., Street,J., Kwon,B., Paquette,S., Boyd,M., Dvorak,M.F., & Fisher,C. Injury of the posterior ligamentous complex of the thoracolumbar spine: a prospective evaluation of the diagnostic accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging. Spine. 34, E841-E847 (2009). Vaccaro,A.R., Lee,J.Y., Schweitzer,K.M. Jr., Lim,M.R., Baron,E.M., Oner,F.C., Hulbert,R.J., Hedlund,R., Fehlings,M.G., Arnold,P., Harrop,J., Bono,C.M., Anderson,P.A., Anderson,D.G., & Harris,M.B. Assessment of injury to the posterior ligamentous complex in thoracolumbar spine trauma. Spine J. 6, 524-528 (2006).